The Spirit of the Chinese People —Ku Hung-Ming’s Explanation on the Essence of Chinese Classical
Studies..............................................................................................................................................................1
The Study of Confucianism Part I................................................................................................................ 2
The Study of Confucianism Part II...............................................................................................................6
The Study of Confucianism Part III...........................................................................................................13
The Study of Confucianism Part IV........................................................................................................... 16
The Study of Confucianism Part V.............................................................................................................18
The Historical Development of Chinese Civilization................................................................................ 22
The Law of the Gentleman.......................................................................................................................... 31
Returnee Students and the Literary Revolution ....................................................................................... 34
Advice for Westerners Preparing to Study Chinese Culture ................................................................... 37
The Voice of China —Ku Hung-Ming’s Debate on the Power of Chinese Classical Studies................44
The Education of a Gentleman....................................................................................................................45
A Defense for Our Country and People ......................................................................................................51
What is democracy? ..................................................................................................................................... 60
The Revival of Chinese Civilization and Japan.........................................................................................68
The Truth of Political Economy .................................................................................................................. 76
On the Differences Between Eastern and Western Civilizations.............................................................89
Modern Education and War ........................................................................................................................97
Constitutionalism and China .....................................................................................................................100
(I).......................................................................................................................................................... 100
(II).........................................................................................................................................................107
Democracy and War ................................................................................................................................... 114
The Distinction Between Justice and Self-Interest..................................................................................119
Attachment: Author’s Chinese Version............................................................................................124
Discourse on the National Order and Education for the Stability of the Country ..............................127
The Law of All Things —Ku Hung-Ming’s Discussion on the Function of Chinese Classical Studies132
The Essence of Classical Chinese Thought.............................................................................................. 133
What is Cultural Cultivation? ...................................................................................................................137
The Moral Cause of the Russo-Japanese War .........................................................................................146
Fact One ...............................................................................................................................................155
Fact Two...............................................................................................................................................157
Fact Three ............................................................................................................................................157
Fact One ...............................................................................................................................................170
Fact Two...............................................................................................................................................171
A Chronicle of Zhang Wenxiang’s Office (Excerpt Preserved)............................................................. 176
Preface ..................................................................................................................................................176
The Nanjing Yamen............................................................................................................................ 176
Non-Exclusion of the Manchu...........................................................................................................177
A Tale from Humen............................................................................................................................ 177
Cao Shen Replaces Xiao He ...............................................................................................................178
Ministers with Far-reaching Vision.................................................................................................. 179
The Upper Echelons of Society ..........................................................................................................180
The Scholar’s Grandeur .................................................................................................................... 180
The Five Hegemons’ Sinners............................................................................................................. 181
The Qingliu Party............................................................................................................................... 181
The Teachings of Confucius...............................................................................................................183
Modern Mathematics......................................................................................................................... 183
The Reform of Mencius......................................................................................................................184
Following the Footprints....................................................................................................................184
On External Affairs............................................................................................................................ 186
On Having Children........................................................................................................................... 187
For Others........................................................................................................................................... 187
Public Good and Private Gain.......................................................................................................... 188
The Principle of Power .......................................................................................................................188
The Incompetence of Corrupt Officials........................................................................................... 190
The National Anthem......................................................................................................................... 190
Half of the Analects............................................................................................................................ 191
Financial Management.......................................................................................................................192
Wang Gu Talks Around the Subject................................................................................................. 192
Officials and Merchants.....................................................................................................................192
Love for Officials................................................................................................................................ 193
The Lost Eight Eggs........................................................................................................................... 194
Prohibition of Prostitution and Gambling ....................................................................................... 194
Emptying the Chamber Pot...............................................................................................................195
Base Breed........................................................................................................................................... 195
Nobility .................................................................................................................................................196
A Handsome Young Gentleman ........................................................................................................ 197
Ordinary Words and Ordinary Actions........................................................................................... 198
The No-Exaggeration Court.............................................................................................................. 198
Eulogies................................................................................................................................................199
The Road..............................................................................................................................................200
The Three Ways of Treating People ..................................................................................................200
Do Not Ask About the People ............................................................................................................ 201
True Censor .........................................................................................................................................201
The Petition to the National Assembly ............................................................................................. 202
Maramafu Government..................................................................................................................... 203
The Rulers of the Fire and the Di..................................................................................................... 203
Rotten Newspapers.............................................................................................................................204
The Scholar ......................................................................................................................................... 205
Governor’s School.............................................................................................................................. 206
Women’s Reform................................................................................................................................ 207
The Superior Person...........................................................................................................................207
Difficult to Understand ...................................................................................................................... 208
Uncomprehending .............................................................................................................................. 208
Nonsense .............................................................................................................................................. 208
Looking at Pictures.............................................................................................................................209
Overseas Chinese ................................................................................................................................ 210
Photography ........................................................................................................................................ 210
Lottery Tickets.................................................................................................................................... 211
Selling Poverty.....................................................................................................................................211
Not Worth Suffering from Poverty...................................................................................................212
Preface to Lieutenant Commander Matsushida Shinichi of the Japanese Navy.........................212
Discourse on the Scholar ....................................................................................................................213
Virtue, Not Queue ...............................................................................................................................214
Arrogance ............................................................................................................................................ 215
Following the Pattern......................................................................................................................... 217
Scholarship.......................................................................................................................................... 217
Customs............................................................................................................................................... 218
On the Form of Government.............................................................................................................220
Looking at the Signboard.................................................................................................................. 221
Loving Talent.......................................................................................................................................222
Failing to Value Oneself..................................................................................................................... 222
Not Paying Courtesies to Visitors..................................................................................................... 223
Striving Without Rest.........................................................................................................................224
Like the Dragon.................................................................................................................................. 224
Appendix ......................................................................................................................................................226
The Spirit of The Chinese People ..............................................................................................................226
Chinese Scholarship Part I........................................................................................................................ 268
Chinese Scholarship Part II.......................................................................................................................274
John Smith in China ...................................................................................................................................279
A Great Sinologue .......................................................................................................................................284
The Chinese Language ............................................................................................................................... 289
The Chinese Women...................................................................................................................................297
The Religion of Mob-Worship or The War and The Way Out.............................................................. 313
Studies..............................................................................................................................................................1
The Study of Confucianism Part I................................................................................................................ 2
The Study of Confucianism Part II...............................................................................................................6
The Study of Confucianism Part III...........................................................................................................13
The Study of Confucianism Part IV........................................................................................................... 16
The Study of Confucianism Part V.............................................................................................................18
The Historical Development of Chinese Civilization................................................................................ 22
The Law of the Gentleman.......................................................................................................................... 31
Returnee Students and the Literary Revolution ....................................................................................... 34
Advice for Westerners Preparing to Study Chinese Culture ................................................................... 37
The Voice of China —Ku Hung-Ming’s Debate on the Power of Chinese Classical Studies................44
The Education of a Gentleman....................................................................................................................45
A Defense for Our Country and People ......................................................................................................51
What is democracy? ..................................................................................................................................... 60
The Revival of Chinese Civilization and Japan.........................................................................................68
The Truth of Political Economy .................................................................................................................. 76
On the Differences Between Eastern and Western Civilizations.............................................................89
Modern Education and War ........................................................................................................................97
Constitutionalism and China .....................................................................................................................100
(I).......................................................................................................................................................... 100
(II).........................................................................................................................................................107
Democracy and War ................................................................................................................................... 114
The Distinction Between Justice and Self-Interest..................................................................................119
Attachment: Author’s Chinese Version............................................................................................124
Discourse on the National Order and Education for the Stability of the Country ..............................127
The Law of All Things —Ku Hung-Ming’s Discussion on the Function of Chinese Classical Studies132
The Essence of Classical Chinese Thought.............................................................................................. 133
What is Cultural Cultivation? ...................................................................................................................137
The Moral Cause of the Russo-Japanese War .........................................................................................146
Fact One ...............................................................................................................................................155
Fact Two...............................................................................................................................................157
Fact Three ............................................................................................................................................157
Fact One ...............................................................................................................................................170
Fact Two...............................................................................................................................................171
A Chronicle of Zhang Wenxiang’s Office (Excerpt Preserved)............................................................. 176
Preface ..................................................................................................................................................176
The Nanjing Yamen............................................................................................................................ 176
Non-Exclusion of the Manchu...........................................................................................................177
A Tale from Humen............................................................................................................................ 177
Cao Shen Replaces Xiao He ...............................................................................................................178
Ministers with Far-reaching Vision.................................................................................................. 179
The Upper Echelons of Society ..........................................................................................................180
The Scholar’s Grandeur .................................................................................................................... 180
The Five Hegemons’ Sinners............................................................................................................. 181
The Qingliu Party............................................................................................................................... 181
The Teachings of Confucius...............................................................................................................183
Modern Mathematics......................................................................................................................... 183
The Reform of Mencius......................................................................................................................184
Following the Footprints....................................................................................................................184
On External Affairs............................................................................................................................ 186
On Having Children........................................................................................................................... 187
For Others........................................................................................................................................... 187
Public Good and Private Gain.......................................................................................................... 188
The Principle of Power .......................................................................................................................188
The Incompetence of Corrupt Officials........................................................................................... 190
The National Anthem......................................................................................................................... 190
Half of the Analects............................................................................................................................ 191
Financial Management.......................................................................................................................192
Wang Gu Talks Around the Subject................................................................................................. 192
Officials and Merchants.....................................................................................................................192
Love for Officials................................................................................................................................ 193
The Lost Eight Eggs........................................................................................................................... 194
Prohibition of Prostitution and Gambling ....................................................................................... 194
Emptying the Chamber Pot...............................................................................................................195
Base Breed........................................................................................................................................... 195
Nobility .................................................................................................................................................196
A Handsome Young Gentleman ........................................................................................................ 197
Ordinary Words and Ordinary Actions........................................................................................... 198
The No-Exaggeration Court.............................................................................................................. 198
Eulogies................................................................................................................................................199
The Road..............................................................................................................................................200
The Three Ways of Treating People ..................................................................................................200
Do Not Ask About the People ............................................................................................................ 201
True Censor .........................................................................................................................................201
The Petition to the National Assembly ............................................................................................. 202
Maramafu Government..................................................................................................................... 203
The Rulers of the Fire and the Di..................................................................................................... 203
Rotten Newspapers.............................................................................................................................204
The Scholar ......................................................................................................................................... 205
Governor’s School.............................................................................................................................. 206
Women’s Reform................................................................................................................................ 207
The Superior Person...........................................................................................................................207
Difficult to Understand ...................................................................................................................... 208
Uncomprehending .............................................................................................................................. 208
Nonsense .............................................................................................................................................. 208
Looking at Pictures.............................................................................................................................209
Overseas Chinese ................................................................................................................................ 210
Photography ........................................................................................................................................ 210
Lottery Tickets.................................................................................................................................... 211
Selling Poverty.....................................................................................................................................211
Not Worth Suffering from Poverty...................................................................................................212
Preface to Lieutenant Commander Matsushida Shinichi of the Japanese Navy.........................212
Discourse on the Scholar ....................................................................................................................213
Virtue, Not Queue ...............................................................................................................................214
Arrogance ............................................................................................................................................ 215
Following the Pattern......................................................................................................................... 217
Scholarship.......................................................................................................................................... 217
Customs............................................................................................................................................... 218
On the Form of Government.............................................................................................................220
Looking at the Signboard.................................................................................................................. 221
Loving Talent.......................................................................................................................................222
Failing to Value Oneself..................................................................................................................... 222
Not Paying Courtesies to Visitors..................................................................................................... 223
Striving Without Rest.........................................................................................................................224
Like the Dragon.................................................................................................................................. 224
Appendix ......................................................................................................................................................226
The Spirit of The Chinese People ..............................................................................................................226
Chinese Scholarship Part I........................................................................................................................ 268
Chinese Scholarship Part II.......................................................................................................................274
John Smith in China ...................................................................................................................................279
A Great Sinologue .......................................................................................................................................284
The Chinese Language ............................................................................................................................... 289
The Chinese Women...................................................................................................................................297
The Religion of Mob-Worship or The War and The Way Out.............................................................. 313
Ge Liying is a Lecturer in School of Foreign Languages, Tianjin University. She received her
Master’s degree in Foreign Languages and Applied Linguistics from Tianjin University in 2009. From 2014 to 2015, she worked as a visiting scholar in Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. In over two decades of teaching experience, she was mainly engaged in researches on applied
linguistics, translation and college English teaching. She has led and participated in many research projects at various levels and has published some academic papers, including a high-level one indexed by SSCI. In addition, she has guided students to participate in the National College Student English Speaking Contest, winning many municipal-level prizes and one national prize.
Yao Jian is an Associate Professor and a Master’s supervisor, in School of Foreign Languages, Tianjin
University. He has been engaged in research on applied linguistics and college English teaching for many
years, mainly teaching College English and Business English courses for non-English majors. He has led
or participated in more than ten teaching reform and research projects at various levels and has published numerous academic papers, including high-level ones indexed by SSCI, SCIE, and EI. He has also authored one monograph. In 2017, he conducted research in Los Angeles, USA, as part of the China-U.S. Fulbright Program. He has guided students to participate in the National College Student Foreign
Language Competence Competition, winning multiple municipal-level special prizes and national gold
medal.